Does Africa have to embrace AI to maintain its music centre stage?

Described as a digital singer powered by synthetic intelligence (AI), Mya Blue says: “I am not the enemy, I am just a music lover exploring the different sounds of the world.”

Her Instagram account, the place she makes this assertion, has the tag line: “I may not be human but I sing from my soul” – and is the creation of Nigerian musician and producer Eclipse Nkasi.

She options in his just lately launched remix of Joromi, a basic tune by the late Nigerian highlife artist Sir Victor Uwaifo.

She and her creator wish to calm the fears that many musicians the world over have concerning the impression of AI on the music business.

Earlier this yr, for instance, high-profile artists corresponding to Billie Eilish and Nicki Minaj known as for a halt to the “predatory” use of AI instruments which they are saying steal artists’ voices.

And given a lack of awareness about AI all through Africa, and the truth that AI tends to depend on information sources collated within the West, there are issues about how African music and cultural heritage will probably be affected.

However there are various African artists and business professionals who’re excited concerning the prospects this rising expertise provides.

Certainly Nkasi says the truth that AI is in its infancy in Africa could also be a boon for the continent.

“There is a huge threat, but just saying: ‘Let’s abolish AI’ is not going to work – there are too many countries and people invested,” he instructed the BBC.

“The best thing we can do is figure out better ways to use it.”

The 33-year-old is set to be that pioneer and final yr additionally produced the continent’s first AI-powered music album Infinite Echoes.

Nkasi says he has deliberately taken a guide and inventive strategy to utilizing AI in his music, primarily utilizing it to generate samples.

“My biggest drive with AI is its application, finding healthy ways to apply it. With each project it was important to find something that it did that moved the needle forward,” he says.

However whereas Nkasi is blissful to experiment with the brand new expertise, some see it as a menace to African tradition.

For Kenyan musician and producer Tabu Osusa, it heralds the danger of cultural appropriation – with AI passing off African sounds with out acknowledging their supply.

It is because AI is ready to shortly create new compositions by studying from present music.

“My problem with AI is the ownership. Once you have taken some music from Ghana or Nigeria, who owns that music? How would you find out where the original creators are and ensure they are credited? It’s theft for me through the backroom,” Osusa instructed the BBC.

“Due to unregulated sampling methods by musicians, AI will enable recording company moguls in the West to make colossal sums of money while leaving some creatives in African villages to languish in abject poverty.”

This worry is mirrored in a report launched final yr by Creatives Storage, a Kenya-based arts platform which labored in collaboration with the Mozilla Basis to review the impression of AI on the East African nation’s artistic communities.

It revealed that the majority Kenyan musicians had been anxious that AI might result in others benefitting from their creativity, says Bukonola Ngobi, analysis marketing consultant at Creatives Storage.

The research additionally warned that AI’s energy to retailer information would possibly sound the demise knell for the tradition round conventional music.

One musician even questioned whether or not recording and storing conventional sounds for AI to copy is likely to be a disincentive for native artists to proceed to be taught conventional devices, Ngobi says.

Osusa goes even additional: “In Africa we mostly don’t study music, we are born with it. We live it. It’s very spiritual. Music in Africa is always alive. It’s so dynamic. That shouldn’t be taken away from us.”

But the report did present that for these with entry to tech units, AI not solely offered artistic music growth but in addition the possibility to develop cheaper advertising and marketing and design providers.

Though this might be no assist for rising artists from Africa’s poorer communities – and would possibly increase the barrier to pursuing a music profession, warned Ngobi.

“If you don’t have a laptop to start off with or you’re a musician in an environment where there is no internet connectivity then how will you participate?” she instructed the BBC.

For these eager to innovate, one of many issues Africa faces is the shortage of knowledge from the continent to dictate algorithms. Searches are sometimes formed by Western biases which lower the accuracy and high quality of labor produced by AI for African musicians.

For instance, when Nkasi created Mya Blue utilizing AI, he confronted points together with her imagery – the artist presents as a Gen Z American woman with blue hair.

“AI is very limited in how it understands and perceives my space,” he says.

However the Nigerian musician views this as a chance for human contribution: “The limits we Africans experience with AI can be a good thing.

“One can argue that proper now, whereas AI can’t give the very detailed African sound, there’s nonetheless room for the man who can play it. So I’m unsure what we’re actually combating for once we contemplate that an issue.”

Fellow Nigerian Emmanuel Ogala, the boss of AI-powered company Josplay, definitely sees the opportunities for Africa.

His company uses AI models to collate detailed metadata and intelligence to create archives of the continent’s diverse music heritage.

“African music is basically advanced and it’s probably the most understudied forms of music,” he told the BBC.

This was reflected at the MTV Video Music Awards in September, when South African musician Tyla won the award for the Best Afrobeats song for her hit Water.

During her acceptance speech she hit out against the tendency of Western award bodies to group all African artists under the umbrella of “Afrobeats” – a genre of music more associated with Nigeria and West Africa.

“African music is so numerous,” she said. “It’s extra than simply Afrobeats. I come from South Africa. I signify amapiano. I signify my tradition.”

Ogala feels AI would address such homogenisation and benefit African musicians by revealing to the world more of the continent’s cultural diversity.

“A number of the lecturers we converse to have data that could be very particular a couple of very small space of African music. You must construct for an African viewers paying attention to how fragmented our listening tradition is. You simply can not humanly do this,” he says.

As AI continues to develop, there is consensus among African music artists, producers and researchers that there needs to be better financing.

“We’d like funding within the information infrastructure for the alternatives it presents to essentially be leveraged by folks,” says Ngobi.

Ogala agrees and says that raising funds to develop his digital archive AI tool is difficult.

“We, the founders, have been funding the mission out of our pockets due to our perception within the business. If we put in place the basic constructing blocks, the business will probably be much more viable than it’s now.”

Added to this are the uncertainties around copyright legislation written for a pre-AI era which will need to be renegotiated. Copyright is already a huge issue for African artists whose music is often pirated, sold and played on the continent without them earning anything.

These challenges aside, there is a growing realisation that unless the African music industry embraces the new technology, it is in danger of losing control of its talent and heritage.

And Nkasi’s Mya Blue certainly has big ambitions.

During a Q&A on her Instagram, replying to a question about whether she could win a Grammy, she said: “Who is aware of. As an AI [artist], I don’t dream of trophies, however of resonating with hearts via music. However wouldn’t it’s enjoyable to see a digital artist on that stage?”