Seen in opposition to the backdrop of Jupiter’s dramatic, swirling environment, Europa would possibly at first seem a bit drab. With its greyish-white floor, you would possibly even say it resembles a well-worn cue ball in a run-down pool corridor. On nearer inspection, nevertheless, the Jovian system’s fourth-largest moon is shimmering with intrigue from deep inside.
From what we will inform, its icy outer layer conceals an unlimited international ocean containing twice the quantity of water on Earth. This, along with hints of geophysical exercise – such because the rusty strains that streak its floor – and sophisticated chemistry, is why Europa has lengthy captivated astronomers looking for liveable worlds past our pale blue dot. So may Europa have the situations for all times? We’re about to search out out.
In October, NASA will launch Europa Clipper, a $5 billion probe that may get a better take a look at the moon’s geology and chemistry – and, optimistically, establish the telltale signatures of habitability. The mission has been many years within the making, constructing on earlier forays which have thrown up tantalising clues as to what lurks contained in the moon’s frozen shell – and no scarcity of questions.
Clipper guarantees solutions. It can research the moon’s floor and the ocean hidden beneath in unprecedented element. It may even pattern the water in plumes of vapour if, as we suspect, they’re erupting from Europa’s floor. And though it isn’t designed to search out direct proof of life – a bacterial cell, say – current developments recommend there’s a fleeting probability it may do precisely that. “With Europa Clipper, we’re actually coming into…
